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对镁合金轮辋一次挤压成形工艺进行了研究。分析了轮辋挤压成形过程中的金属流动规律和模拟成形效果，对比了不同挤压速度和凹模斜角条件下的成形载荷、等效应变。基于最优模拟参数开展了试制生产验证，分析了挤压件的实际成形效果。结果表明：模拟成形效果良好，挤压件外轮廓能够完全覆盖目标零件的三维边界；随着挤压速度的降低，最大成形载荷降低，等效应变分布更加均匀。在0.5 mm·s-1速度下的模拟效果最佳，最大成形载荷为7.618×104 kN,等效应变最大值为7.41;随着凹模斜角的增加，最大成形载荷降低，外轮缘部位的等效应变分布更加均匀，5°斜角下的模拟效果最佳，成形载荷为6.894×104 kN,最大等效应变值为9.09;实际试制出来的挤压件填充饱满，外观无明显缺陷，轮辋和外轮缘部位的晶粒组织较内轮缘部位均匀，晶界也更为完整，晶界和晶内分布着许多细小的第二相。
Abstract：The one-time extrusion forming process of magnesium alloy rim was investigated. The metal flow law and simulated forming performance during the rim extrusion process were analyzed, and the forming loads and equivalent strains under different extrusion speeds and die bevel angles were compared. Trial production verification was carried out based on the optimal simulation parameters, and the actual forming quality of the extruded parts was examined.The results show that the simulation yields favorable forming profiles, and the outer contour of the extruded part can fully cover the three-dimensional boundary of the target component. As the extrusion speed decreases, the maximum forming load declines and the effective strain distribution becomes more uniform. The optimal simulation performance is achieved at an extrusion speed of 0.5 mm·s-1, with the maximum forming load of 7.618×04 kN and the maximum effective strain of 7.41. As the die bevel angle increases, the maximum forming load decreases and the effective strain distribution at the outer rim becomes more homogeneous. The best simulation result is obtained with die bevel angle of 5°, corresponding to the forming load of 6.894×104 kN and the maximum effective strain of 9.09. The actually produced extruded part exhibits full die filling and no obvious surface defects. The grain structure at the rim and outer rim is more uniform than that at the inner rim, with more intact grain boundaries. Numerous fine second-phase particles are distributed both at the grain boundaries and inside the grains.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:U466;TG379
引用信息:
[1]冯康,于建民,吴耀金,等.重车用镁合金轮辋一次挤压成形工艺优化[J].塑性工程学报,2026,33(04):65-74.
基金信息:
山西省自然科学基金资助项目(202203021221113)
2026-04-22
2026-04-22
2026-04-22