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通过增加顶部垫片可有效改善薄钢板(0.8 mm)和铝合金组成的自冲铆接接头的力学性能。为了研究顶部垫片对接头的疲劳特性的影响，对比分析了无垫片(PA)、有垫片(PB)和三层板(PC)3种接头的疲劳寿命和失效机理的差异。采用最小二乘法对疲劳试验数据进行线性拟合得到载荷-寿命曲线，并通过扫描电子显微镜研究接头的微动损伤和疲劳裂纹扩展机理。结果表明：相比无垫片的PA组接头，有垫片的PB组接头的峰值载荷增加了9.7%,且与三层板的PC组接头基本相当。垫片增强了铆钉头部的自锁强度，失效模式由PA组接头的钉头脱出失效转变为PB和PC组接头的互锁失效。顶部垫片可有效改善薄钢板接头的疲劳寿命，PB组接头的疲劳寿命最高，PA组接头的疲劳寿命最低。当疲劳寿命为104、105和106时，PB组接头的疲劳失效载荷比PA组接头分别高出5%、20%和39%,比PC组接头分别高出1%、5%和8%。顶部垫片改变了接头的疲劳失效模式，PA组接头疲劳失效模式均为钢板断裂，失效路径紧靠铆钉头部。PB和PC组接头的疲劳失效模式为铝板断裂，疲劳断裂路径横贯接头中心并沿板宽方向扩展。
Abstract：The mechanical properties of self-piercing riveted joints composed of thin steel sheet(0.8 mm)and aluminum alloy can be effectively improved by adding the top gasket. To investigate the influence of the top gasket on the fatigue characteristics of joint, the differences in fatigue life and failure mechanism of three types of joints, including without gasket(PA), with gasket(PB) and three-layers sheet(PC) were compared and analyzed. The load-life curves were obtained by linear fitting of fatigue test data using the least square method, and the fretting damage and fatigue crack growth mechanism of the joint were studied by scanning electron microscope. The results show that the peak load of PB joint with gasket increases by 9.7% compared with PA joint without gasket, and it is basically equivalent to that of PC joint with three-layers sheet. The gasket enhances the interlocking strength of rivet head, and the failure mode changes from the rivet head detachment failure of PA joint to the interlocking failure of PB and PC joints. The top gasket can effectively improve the fatigue life of the thin steel sheet joint. The fatigue life of PB joint is the highest, the fatigue life of PA joint is the lowest. When the fatigue life reaches 104, 105 and 106 cycles, the fatigue failure load of PB joint is 5%, 20% and 39% higher than that of PA joint, and 1%, 5% and 8% higher than that of PC joint, respectively. The top gasket changes the fatigue failure mode of joint. The fatigue failure mode of PA joint is steel sheet fracture, and the failure path is close to the rivet head. The fatigue failure mode of PB and PC joints is aluminum sheet fracture, and the fatigue fracture path crosses the center of the joint and extends along the width direction of the sheet.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TG938
引用信息:
[1]刘广,王国春,孙有平,等.顶部垫片对钢-铝自冲铆接接头疲劳寿命和失效机理的影响[J].塑性工程学报,2026,33(02):308-317.
基金信息:
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23062089); 柳州市科技计划项目(2024AA0203C001; 2023PRJ0102); 广西重点研发计划(桂科AB23026104)
2026-02-12
2026-02-12
2026-02-12