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导管作为火箭、飞机和船舶等装备的关键组成部分，其成形尺寸精度直接关系到装备的整体质量及服役稳定性与可靠性。建立精确的导管成形尺寸预测方法和有效的控制策略，对于提升导管系统的装配性能和装备的服役表现至关重要。首先，从导管的拓扑构型出发，探讨了导管空间构型的参数化表征方法，为尺寸精度分析提供了基础。然后，从几何特征、材料特性以及应用需求等多个维度系统地讨论了金属管材弯曲成形的主要方法，综述了现有的导管几何尺寸精度分析方法，涵盖了单弯管材成形回弹、伸长率、关键点偏移及整体多弯导管构型预测等内容。此外，探讨了无余量和有余量弯曲工艺中导管成形精度的控制与补偿方法。最后，针对航空航天及船海等领域中导管空间结构越来越复杂、装配精度要求不断增加的发展趋势，分析了导管整体成形尺寸精度预测与控制面临的挑战，并展望了未来研究的主要方向。
Abstract：Pipes are critical components in aerospace, aviation and marine equipments, and its dimensional accuracy of forming directly affects the overall quality, service stability and reliability of the equipment. The establishment of accurate prediction methods and effective control strategies for pipe forming dimension is essential for improving the assembly performance of pipe systems and the service performance of equipment. Firstly, the parametric representation methods of pipe spatial configuration were discussed from the perspective of topological configuration of pipe, providing foundation for dimensional accuracy analysis. Then, metal pipe bending forming techniques were discussed systematically across multiple dimensions, including geometric dimension characteristics, material properties and application requirements. The existing analysis approaches for the geometric dimension accuracy of pipes were discussed, including the springback, elongation, key point deviation of single-bending pipe, and the configuration prediction of whole multi-bending pipe. Furthermore, the control and compensation methods for pipe forming accuracy were discussed for bending with and without allowance. Finally, the challenges in predicting and controlling overall pipe forming dimensional accuracy were analyzed, and future research directions were prospected aiming at the development tendency of increasing complexity of pipe spatial structures and the growing demand for assembly accuracy in aerospace, aviation and marine industries.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:TH161.1
引用信息:
[1]余海东,程嘉,高畅等.空间导管成形尺寸精度分析和控制方法研究进展与展望[J].塑性工程学报,2025,32(08):1-22.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52275502)